Section Delivery," RAND Journal of Eco- nomics 27, no. 1 (1996), pp. 99-123. 9-12 the myth of campaign spending is told in greater detail in a trio of papers: Steven D. Levitt, "Using Repeat Challengers to Estimate the Effect of Cam- paign Spending on Election Outcomes in the U.S. House," Journal of Polit- ical Economy, August 1994, pp. 777-98; Steven D. Levitt, "Congressional Campaign Finance Reform," Journal of Economic Perspectives 9 (1995), pp. 183-93; and Steven D. Levitt and James M. Snyder Jr., "The Impact of Fed- eral Spending on House Election Outcomes," Journal of Political Economy 105, no. 1 (1997), pp. 30-53. 13 eight glasses of water a day: See Robert J. Davis, "Can Water Aid Weight Loss?" Wall Street Journal, March 16, 2004, which cites an Institute of Med- icine report concluding that "there is no scientific basis for the recommenda- tion [of eight glasses of water a day] and that most people get enough water through normal consumption of foods and beverages." 14-15 adam smith is still well worth reading, of course (especially if you have infi- nite patience); so too is Robert Heilbroners The Worldly Philosophers (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1953), which contains memorable profiles of Smith, Karl Marx, Thorstein Veblen, John Maynard Keynes, Joseph Schum- peter, and other giants of economics.     1. WHAT DO SCHOOLTEACHERS AND SUMO WRESTLERS HAVE IN COMMON?   19-20, 23 the israeli day-care study: See Uri Gneezy and Aldo Rustichini, "A Fine Is a Price," Journal of Legal Studies 29, no. 1 ( January 2000), pp. 1-17; and Uri Gneezy, "The W Effect of Incentives," University of Chicago working paper. 22-23 murder through the ages: See Manuel Eisner, "Secular Trends of Vio- lence, Evidence, and Theoretical Interpretations," Crime and Justice: A Re- view of Research 3 (2003); also presented in Manuel Eisner, "Violence and the Rise of Modern Society," Criminology in Cambridge, October 2003, pp. 3-7. 23 thomas jefferson on cause-and-effect: Autobiography of Thomas Jeffer- son (1829; reprint, New York: G.P. Putnams Sons, 1914), p. 156. 24 blood for money: See Richard M. Titmuss, "The Gift of Blood," Trans- action 8 (1971); also presented in The Philosophy of Welfare: Selected Writings by R. M. Titmuss, ed. B. Abel-Smith and K. Titmuss (London: Allen and Unwin, 1987). See also William E. Upton, "Altruism, Attribution, and In-